The tardigrade may be one of the most fascinating and bizarre creatures on the planet. Also known as water bears or moss piglets, these tiny animals are found in virtually every environment around the world, from the depths of the ocean to the highest mountaintops.

Here are eight incredible facts about the strange and fascinating world of the tardigrade:

1. Tardigrades can survive extreme temperatures

Tardigrades have the incredible ability to survive temperatures ranging from -458°F (-272°C) to 300°F (149°C). They are able to survive this because they can enter a state of suspended animation, or cryptobiosis, in which their metabolism slows down to almost zero. This allows them to survive extreme heat and cold.

2. Some tardigrades can survive without water

While most tardigrades need water to survive, there are some species that can go without water for up to 10 years. When they are in a dry environment, they enter a state of cryptobiosis and are able to survive until water becomes available again.

3. Tardigrades can survive in space

In 2007, scientists sent tardigrades into space to see if they could survive the extreme conditions. The tardigrades not only survived, but they were able to reproduce once they returned to Earth. This means that tardigrades may be able to survive on other planets and could potentially hitch a ride on a spacecraft and survive the journey.

4. Tardigrades have a unique digestive system

Tardigrades have a unique digestive system that allows them to break down algae and bacteria. They have a pharynx that they can extend out of their mouth to grab food and bring it back in to be digested.

5. Tardigrades have five pairs of legs

Tardigrades have five pairs of legs, each with four to eight claws. They use their legs to cling onto surfaces, walk, and swim through water. They are able to move in a slow, lumbering way and are very hard to see without a microscope.

6. Tardigrades can reproduce sexually and asexually

Tardigrades can reproduce both sexually and asexually. In asexual reproduction, the tardigrade lays a single egg that hatches into a miniature version of the adult. In sexual reproduction, two adults mate and lay fertilized eggs.

7. Tardigrades have a protective exoskeleton

Tardigrades have a protective exoskeleton that prevents them from being crushed or damaged. Their exoskeleton is made up of chitin, a tough and flexible material that is also found in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans.

8. Tardigrades have been around for a long time

Tardigrades have been around for at least 530 million years, which means they have survived all five mass extinctions on Earth. They are one of the most resilient and adaptable creatures on the planet and are likely to continue thriving for millions of years to come.

In conclusion, the tardigrade may be small, but it is mighty. Its ability to survive extreme conditions and adapt to different environments make it one of the most fascinating creatures on the planet. With its incredible resilience and unique characteristics, the tardigrade is truly a wonder of nature.